Albert g



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT G. HYDE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y;

AIR-GUN.-

SPECIFIGATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 227,789, dated May 18,1880.

Application filed September 8, 1879.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALBERT G. HYDE, of NewYork, in the county and State of New York, have invented anew and usefulImprovement in Air-Guns, of which the following is a specification. I

Figure l is a longitudinal section of myimproved gun. Fig. 2 is a detailsection of the breech, showing the loading device, the releas-'ing-valve, and the packing. Fig. 3 is a crossseetion taken throughtheline as w, I i g. 1. Fig. 4 is a detail section of the packing. Fig. 5is an end view of the guide-block for the injection-valve. Fig. 7 is aside view of the injection-valve. Fig. 8 is a side view of the pistonand its rod. Fig. 9 is a detail section taken through the line y 3 Fig.1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. v

The object of this invention is to furnish airguns which shall be soconstructed that the air can be compressed to a high tension and itsentire volume released at each shot, and which can be readily puttogether and taken apart, and will not be liable to leak or get out oforder.

A is the breech, to the forward end of which are attached the barrel Band the air-chamber C, and to-its rear end is attached the stock D. In acavity of the breech A is placed a tube, E, the forward end of whichfits against the rear end of the barrel B. The rear end-of the tube E isclosed, and has a pin, 6, attached to it, so as to project through across-slot, a, inthe upper side of the breech A.

The slot 0/ is made of such alength that the tube E may be turnedone-quarter of a revolution. In the'side of the tube E, at a littledistance from its rear end, is formed a hole, 6 for the ball to bedropped through, and which corresponds with a hole, a in the upper sideof the breech A. In the side of the tube E, in the rear of the hole 6and at right angles therewith, is formed a hole, 6 to admit air, whichhole corresponds with a hole, a in the middle part of the breech A,leading to the air-chamber.

With this construction, when the holes a e are in line with each otherto admit the ball, the holes a e are closed, and when the holes Fig. 6is a side view of the same.

a e are in line with each other to admit air, the holes a e 'are closed.6 is a stop-pin attached to the rear end of the tube E, and whichprojects into its cavity so far as to prevent the ball from entering thehole e In the lower cavity of the breech A is placed a valve, F, calledby me a releasing-valve, which, when pushed forward, prevents thecompressed air from entering the hole a and when pushed back allows thecompressed air to enter the said hole a The valve F is pushed and heldforward by the cock G, which is pivoted in a slot in the middle part ofthe breech A, in such aposition that the stem of the valve F may restagainst the lower arm of the cock G at a little distance from its pivot.In the end of the lower arm of the cock G is formed a notch to receivethe end of the upper arm of the trigger H.

The trigger H is pivoted to the breech A, and its lower arm projects andis protected by a guard, I, in the usual way. The trigger H is heldforward, so'that its upper arm may be in position to engage with thelower arm of the cock G, when the gun 'is cooked, by a spring, h,connected with its rear side.

In a hole in the cock G are placed two short pins, g, which are pressedapart and against the Walls of the breech A by a spiral spring,interposed between them, as shown in Fig. 9, so that they may serve as abrake to prevent the upper arm of the said cock G from being thrownagainst the breech A with too great force by the rearward movement ofthe releasing-valve F when the gun is discharged.

The forward side or face of the releasing valve F is concaved to fitupon the rounded rear end of the tubular packing J, so that the pressureof the compressed 'air may press the said packing J outward and make thejoint around the said valve air-tight. Upon the packing J, at a littledistance from its forward end, is formed a ring-flange, j, which entersthe joint between the inner end of the airchamber 0 and its seat andkeeps the said packing in position. The forward end of the packing J maybe beveled or flared upon its inner side, so that the compressed air mayenter its cavity more readily. Withinthe inner part of the air-chamber Ois placed a block, K,

which has wide longitudinal grooves 7: formed in its sides to allow theair to pass it freely.

The block K has a notch formed in one of its sides to receive astop-pin, 0, attached to the air-chamber O, to hold the said block K inplace. Upon the rear end of the block K is formed a stem, which may begrasped with a pair of pliers for convenience in inserting and removingthe block K. The block K has a hole formed in its forward end to receiveand serve as a guide to the stem of the valve L, called by me aninjection-valve, and which is held forward by a spiral spring, I, placedupon the stem of the said valve L.

The valve L, when pushed forward, rests against a seat formed upon theinner end of the pump-barrel M, and is provided with a leather washer,N, to come between it and its seat. The valve-seat and the face of thevalve Lhaveconcentricring-beads formed upon them to be pressed into theleather washer, and thus make a closer joint.

The pump-barrel M is made smaller than the cavity of the chamber 0, toform a space for the air. The inner part of the pump-barrel M issupported in a central position within the chamber 0 by studs or anotched ring, 0. The outer end of the chamber 0 is soldered, screwed, orotherwise secured to the pumpbarrel M to make the connection air-tight.The outer part of the pump-barrel M passes through a keeper, P, attachedto the gunbarrel B.

The pump-piston Q is made in the form of a solid cylinder, closelyfitting the bore of the pump-barrel M, and is attached to the pistonrodR. The piston-rod R passes through a guide-cap, S, attached to the endof the pumpbarrel M, and has a stop-collar, T, attached to it to preventthe piston Q, from being pushed in too far. I

With this construction, as the piston Q is worked, the air forced in bythe piston Q, and which enters through holes 0 in the side of thepump-barrel O, forces the valve L open, and is compressed into theair-chamber surrounding the pump-barrel O and the guideblock K. As thepiston Q is drawn outward the valve L closes and prevents the compressedair from escaping. When a sufficient quantity of air has been compressedthe gun is discharged by pulling the trigger H, which allows thecompressed air to push back the valve F, enter the gun-barrel B, andforce out the ball.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patentin an air-gun, the combination of the breech havinghole a? in the middle, and the crossslot a and hole a on the topthereof, the tube E, having in the side corresponding holes 6 e, theslide-valve F, having packing J, and the air-chamber 0, arranged asshown and described.

ALBERT Gr. HYDE. Witnesses JAMES T. GRAHAM, O. SEDGWIGK.

